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Month of the Passion of Our Lord

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February 2 - PRESENTATION IN THE TEMPLE (aka Candlemas, aka Purification) [Feast] The Law required the Circumcision of male child 8 days after birth and the Purification of mother 40 days after birth (Lev 12). [1 January and 2 February] Also the First born male had to be redeemed [the first born of animals were sacrificed] in commemoration of death of Egyptian First-born (Ex 13). In recent times these feasts have been celebrated as Mary Mother of God and Presentation of Jesus in Temple. The Eastern Church has always celebrated both as a feasts of Jesus.
The sacrifice specified in Leviticus is a Lamb and a turtle dove, but for poor it is two turtle doves. From this some conclude Mary and Joseph were poverty stricken. More likely over the years all but the wealthiest came to give the offering of poor.
There was long a custom in the Catholic Church for a mother to come to the Church for a special blessing "Churching" some time after a child was born; usually some time after the child's baptism. This faded out in the early 20th century. Here purification is used in the sense of having been in contact with the sacred, as in purifying the communion vessels.
The candles to be used in sacraments for the coming year are blessed on this day (at least symbolically); hence the name Candlemas. In the past this frequently involved a major celebration and procession which is no longer feasible. The candles represent Jesus the "revealing light to the Gentiles" as declared by Simeon on this occasion (Mt 2:25-32).
 

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 February 3 - Saint Blaise, Bishop and Martyr, (d316) Patron for Throat Diseases. This optional Memorial but includes blessing of throats - candles are touched to ones throat while the minister says Through the merits and intercession of St Blaise, Bishop and Martyr, may God deliver you from all diseases of the throat, and from every other evil. In the Name of . . .

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February 5 - Saint Agatha, Virgin and Martyr, (d 251), Patron of Nurses, she is also invoked for earthquakes and diseases of the breast. Saint Agatha was tortured and allowed to die for refusing to marry a Senator. Reportedly her breasts were cut off and she was thrown on hot coals. Torture was then halted because of an earthquake which threatened to provoke uprising in the town. She was returned to prison and allowed to die of her injuries.

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 February 6 - Saint Paul Miki and Companions, Martyred in Japan - 1597 - protomartyrs of Far East. Three Jesuits, six Franciscans, fifteen tertiaries and two laymen, were marched across Japan to impress others and then tortured to death near Nagasaki. They were canonized in 1862.

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February 10 - Saint Scholastica - Early 6th Century Saint Scholastica is the sister of Saint Benedict, Founder of Western Religious life. She founded and managed a monastery of nuns about five miles from his monastery at Monte Cassino. She visited Benedict once a year on neutral ground to confer on spiritual subjects. One year she requested a longer meeting. When Saint Benedict refused she prayed up a thunderstorm which kept everyone there overnight. Sister Scholastica died 3 days later.

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February 14 - Saints Cyril & Methodius Patrons of the Unity of Eastern and Western Churches. These brothers preached as missionaries in much of South-eastern Europe in the 9th century. Saint Cyril died shortly after they were consecrated bishops leaving Saint Methodius to continue their mission to the north. To Saint Methodius is credited the development of the Cyrillic alphabet and the translation of Scripture into it.

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February 14

 Saint Valentine, Priest and Martyr of the third century is no longer on the Calendar, but still gives his name to this day.

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 February 22 - The CHAIR of SAINT PETER, APOSTLE [Feast] - Saint Peter was first bishop of Antioch, and later went to Rome to found his See there. This feast celebrates both.

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February 23 February 23 - Saint Polycarp A disciple of Saint John the Evangelist, Polycarp was burnt at the stake in Smyna about 155 AD; When the flames would not touch him he was stabbed; the flow of his blood extinguished the flames

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